[QUOTE="Roger"] Isn't it about time we made this more complicated and added the Steady Flow Energy Equation into the argument. In this case the change in kinetic energy of the gas (per unit mass) is matched (and is opposite to) the change in enthalpy. I reckon to cool by 5 deg C then the air must be accelerated by 100 metres per second. Could that be right? I'd argue that the change in pressure causes the acceleration by the way. Oh, and the wind chill thing does apply to this ingenious visor because it is trying to be warmer than the ambient air. The wind chill just attempts to account for the better heat transfer coefficient. [/QUOTE] How about the latent heat of evaporation of the petrol, nobody has talked about that[1]. Also, it isn't a simple venturi, there is also the factor of turbulence and the subsequent effect on the flow. Besides... throttle bodies and venturi are so 1990s. The new thing is variable inlet valve lift to vary engine petrol speed. ;) [1] I know it's an extreme case, but look at how a fridge works.