[QUOTE] Once you've got the IP address, probably (depending on OS, security level, &c). Some NNTP clients put it in as the first (i.e. furthest to the right) element in the Path: header. [/QUOTE] Wasn't the OP asking about sending email rather than posting to usenet? I appreciate that a usenet post is more or less an email anyway, but mail servers don't add the same type of traces in the headers do they?