I have to hand-carve some XML. It's produced by a tool that encodes some of it in UTF-8, but ignores some international characters. No biggie, I'm replacing those with the appropriate UTF codes. I'm struggling slightly (and getting conflicting advice) on what do with ampersands, <, >, carriage-returns and line-feed contained within a (free-text) item in the file. I've tried a few combinations, but my validation tool keeps barfing on an "Invalid character" error. And this was needed yesterday. Hay-ulllp!